Showing posts with label cpp. Show all posts
Showing posts with label cpp. Show all posts

Saturday, February 11, 2023

A Conversation with ChatGPT: Capitalism, Socialism, and Social Change

Good news, comrades. We now feature interviews with special guests on this blog. ChatGPT has gladly volunteered to be our first! Please enjoy!


One Breath Left: Let's talk about politics

ChatGPT: Sure, what specific political topic would you like to discuss?


OBL: What is humanity's current system of material provisioning called

ChatGPT: The current system of material provisioning for humanity is generally referred to as capitalism. It is characterized by a market-based economy in which goods and services are produced and exchanged for profit.


OBL: How does it work

ChatGPT: Capitalism is based on the idea of private ownership of the means of production and the creation of goods and services for profit. Businesses, ranging from small companies to large corporations, compete in the marketplace to sell their products to consumers. Prices are determined by supply and demand, and individuals are free to buy and sell goods and services as they see fit. The goal is to create wealth through economic growth and the accumulation of profits, which is incentivized by the potential for personal financial gain. Government intervention in the economy is often limited to regulation aimed at maintaining a level playing field and protecting consumers.


OBL: What is referred to as the 1%

ChatGPT: The "1%" refers to the top 1% of income earners in a society, typically used as a shorthand to represent the concentration of wealth and power among a small group of people. In many countries, the top 1% of income earners control a disproportionate amount of the wealth and resources, while a significant portion of the population struggles to make ends meet. The term has become associated with income and wealth inequality, and is often used in political discourse to highlight the divide between the rich and the rest of society.


OBL: What is the relationship of the 1% to capitalism

ChatGPT: The relationship between the "1%" and capitalism is a complex and controversial one. Capitalism, as a system, is meant to reward hard work and success, and the "1%" are often seen as embodying this ideal. However, the concentration of wealth and power among a small number of people is also a defining feature of capitalism, and the "1%" are often criticized for having an outsized influence on the economy and political system.

Critics of capitalism argue that the system is inherently unequal, and that the accumulation of wealth and power by the "1%" is a natural consequence of the pursuit of profits and the exploitation of labor. Supporters of capitalism argue that the "1%" is a result of the success of entrepreneurs and that their wealth creates jobs and drives economic growth.

Overall, the relationship between the "1%" and capitalism is a complex and multifaceted one, reflecting the contradictions and trade-offs inherent in the system.


OBL: What is the current consensus regarding capitalism

ChatGPT: The current consensus regarding capitalism is that it is a deeply polarizing and divisive issue, with opinions varying widely depending on political, social, and economic factors.

On the one hand, capitalism is widely credited with driving economic growth, creating wealth, and providing incentives for innovation and progress. It is seen as a system that rewards hard work, ingenuity, and success, and is often praised for its ability to deliver prosperity and improve standards of living.

On the other hand, capitalism is also widely criticized for its inequalities and failures. It is seen as a system that creates and perpetuates wealth disparities, fails to provide adequate protections for workers and the environment, and leads to instability and crisis. Critics argue that capitalism prioritizes profits over people and the planet, and that it undermines the well-being of society as a whole.

Overall, the consensus regarding capitalism is that it is a flawed but essential system that has both positive and negative impacts, and that requires ongoing reforms and improvements to better serve the needs of all people and the planet.


OBL: What is the essential feature of capitalism

ChatGPT: The essential feature of capitalism is the private ownership of the means of production and the creation of goods and services for profit. In a capitalist system, individuals and corporations have the freedom to invest in and operate businesses with the goal of generating wealth and profits. Prices for goods and services are determined by supply and demand in the marketplace, and competition among businesses drives innovation and economic growth.

Capitalism is based on the idea that the pursuit of self-interest and profits will lead to the greatest good for society as a whole, as the competition and market forces drive economic efficiency and encourage innovation. However, the system is also characterized by economic and social inequalities, as those who own and control the means of production accumulate wealth and power, while others may struggle to access the resources and opportunities they need to improve their lives.


OBL: Do majority of human beings favor capitalism as a system?

ChatGPT: Opinions on capitalism vary widely among people, and it is difficult to say whether the majority of human beings favor it as a system. There is a large body of research indicating that people's views on capitalism are shaped by a range of factors, including their political beliefs, cultural background, level of education, and personal experiences.

In many developed countries, capitalism is seen as a necessary and effective system for generating wealth and prosperity. However, in recent years, there has been a growing global movement calling for greater regulation and reform of the capitalist system, as well as for alternative economic models that prioritize social justice, equality, and environmental sustainability.

In developing countries, views on capitalism are often more mixed, with many people recognizing its potential to generate economic growth but also experiencing its negative impacts on their communities and the environment.

Overall, it can be said that while capitalism is widely accepted in many parts of the world, there is also growing opposition to the current system, and a growing recognition of the need for reforms to address its failures and inequalities.


OBL: What is the probability that capitalism will be replaced by a system that does not have the flaws thay capitalism has

ChatGPT: It is difficult to predict the probability that capitalism will be replaced by a system that does not have its flaws. Economic systems are complex and are shaped by a wide range of social, political, and economic factors.

In recent years, there has been growing global recognition of the need for reforms to address the inequalities and failures of capitalism, as well as for alternative economic models that prioritize social justice, equality, and environmental sustainability. There is a growing body of thought and action that aims to transition towards more sustainable and equitable economic systems, including movements towards a green economy, cooperative models, and alternative forms of ownership and governance.

However, the transition to a new system is likely to be slow and complex, and will depend on a wide range of political, economic, and social factors, including the willingness of those in power to support change, the ability of alternative models to deliver sustained prosperity and well-being, and the ability of society to mobilize and organize around a common vision.

Overall, while it is difficult to predict the probability of a transition to a new system, it is clear that there is growing recognition of the need for change, and that this momentum is likely to shape the future of the global economy in the coming decades.


OBL: Why did you mention the "willingness of those in power" as a factor

ChatGPT: I mentioned the "willingness of those in power" as a factor because the transition to a new economic system often requires significant political and institutional change. Those in power, including governments, corporations, and wealthy individuals, often have a vested interest in maintaining the status quo, and may resist change if it threatens their wealth, power, or influence.

In order to transition to a new system, it is often necessary to challenge the existing power structures and to build broad-based coalitions that can push for change. This requires the mobilization of popular movements, the development of alternative models and visions, and the support of key actors in government, civil society, and the private sector.

Without the willingness of those in power to support change, it is often difficult to achieve the reforms and transitions needed to build a more equitable and sustainable economic system. Therefore, the willingness of those in power to support change is a critical factor in shaping the future of the global economy.


OBL: Will those in power ever be willing to support change? What can make them do so?

ChatGPT: Whether those in power will be willing to support change depends on a wide range of political, economic, and social factors. Some of the factors that can influence their willingness to support change include:

Pressure from popular movements and civil society: When large numbers of people demand change, those in power may be more likely to respond, especially if they are faced with organized and sustained social movements and campaigns.

Economic and environmental crises: Crises such as financial collapses, ecological disasters, or pandemics can create a sense of urgency and a recognition of the need for change, leading some in power to support reforms.

Political leadership and vision: Visionary political leaders can play a key role in inspiring change and in building broad-based coalitions to support reforms.

The availability of alternative models and visions: When alternative models and visions are developed and proven to work, those in power may be more likely to support change, especially if they see these models as a way to address the pressing challenges of the day.

Changes in global economic and political dynamics: Changes in the global economic and political landscape can create opportunities for reform, as new actors emerge and existing power structures shift.

Overall, it is likely that those in power will be more willing to support change when they face sustained pressure from below, when they recognize the urgency of the challenges facing society, and when they see alternative models and visions as viable and necessary.


OBL: But this 1% that we speak of, who are they? What are their lives like? What do they do on a day to day basis? What are their views?

ChatGPT: The 1% refers to a small group of people who control a large proportion of the world's wealth and resources. This group is often defined as those individuals who hold the top 1% of wealth and income globally.

The lives of the 1% are often characterized by great wealth, privilege, and power. They typically live in upscale neighborhoods, attend exclusive schools and universities, and have access to the best healthcare, travel, and cultural experiences. They often have high-powered careers, either in business, finance, or politics, and may hold significant influence over the direction of their countries and the world.

In terms of their daily activities, the 1% may spend their time managing their wealth and investments, engaging in philanthropy and social causes, pursuing leisure activities, and traveling the world. They often have a high degree of control over their time, and may use this time to pursue their interests and passions, such as art, music, sports, or technology.

It is difficult to generalize the views of the 1%, as they are a diverse group with a range of perspectives and political affiliations. However, some members of the 1% may support capitalism as the best economic system, and may view wealth as a sign of success and merit. Others may be more critical of capitalism, and may support reforms to address its inequalities and failures. Some may be politically active and use their wealth and influence to support candidates and causes, while others may prefer to stay out of the political arena.

Overall, the 1% are a complex and diverse group, with a range of lifestyles, views, and values, and it is important to recognize and respect the differences within this group.


OBL: So you're saying there is a chance that a part of this 1% will support movements to replace capitalism with something else?

ChatGPT: Yes, it is possible that some members of the 1% may support movements to replace capitalism with a different economic system. While many members of the 1% may have a vested interest in maintaining the status quo and may resist changes that threaten their wealth, power, or influence, others may recognize the flaws and failures of capitalism and may support reforms and alternatives.

For example, some members of the 1% may support reforms that address economic inequality, environmental degradation, or other pressing social and environmental challenges. They may view these reforms as necessary to maintain a stable and sustainable economic system, and may use their wealth, influence, and political power to support these changes.

It is also possible that some members of the 1% may support more radical reforms and may advocate for the replacement of capitalism with a more equitable and sustainable system. These individuals may see the current system as inherently flawed and unjust, and may believe that a transition to a new system is necessary to address the challenges facing society.

Overall, the views and actions of the 1% can vary widely, and it is important to engage with a diversity of perspectives and to work towards reforms that benefit everyone, not just a small elite.


OBL: What can individuals do to contribute

ChatGPT: Individuals can contribute to efforts to address the challenges posed by capitalism and to create a more equitable and sustainable economic system in several ways:

Educate themselves: Gaining a better understanding of capitalism and its impact on society, as well as the alternatives and reforms that have been proposed, is an important first step towards meaningful change.

Engage in activism: Individuals can join or support organizations and movements that are working to address economic inequality, environmental degradation, and other pressing social and environmental challenges. They can also participate in protests, marches, and other forms of public demonstration to raise awareness and push for change.

Vote: Engaging in the political process, including participating in elections and advocating for policies that promote economic justice and sustainability, is an important way for individuals to have a voice and make a difference.

Support ethical businesses and organizations: Individuals can support businesses and organizations that are committed to sustainable and equitable practices, and avoid those that engage in harmful or unethical practices.

Invest in sustainable and responsible ways: Individuals can consider investing their money in ways that align with their values and support sustainable and responsible businesses and organizations.

Advocate for systemic change: Individuals can advocate for systemic change by supporting and participating in political and social movements that are working to create a more equitable and sustainable economic system.

Remember, every action, no matter how small, can contribute to creating a better world. By taking action and working together, individuals can help to create a more equitable and sustainable economic system for future generations.


OBL: You mention voting within the political process. Didn't you earlier say that the 1% have a hold on our political system? How does working within the political system help then? Aren't you just legitimizing elite rule by doing that?

ChatGPT: Yes, it is true that the political and economic systems are often influenced by the wealthy and powerful, including the 1%. However, participating in the political process, including voting, can still be an important way for individuals to have a voice and make a difference, even within a system that is imperfect and influenced by powerful elites.

By participating in elections and advocating for policies that promote economic justice and sustainability, individuals can help to shape the policies and decisions that are made by those in power, and push for reforms that benefit everyone, not just the wealthy and powerful.

At the same time, it is important to recognize that political and economic systems are complex and that simply participating in the political process is not enough to create lasting and meaningful change. A wide range of actions, including activism, education, and supporting responsible businesses and organizations, are also necessary to create a more equitable and sustainable economic system.

In conclusion, while it is important to be aware of the influence of the wealthy and powerful on the political and economic systems, it is also important to engage in the political process and work towards meaningful reforms that benefit everyone.


OBL: The same logic regarding investing. Isn't investing a 1% game

ChatGPT: Investing can be influenced by the actions of the wealthy and powerful, including the 1%. For example, large institutional investors and high net worth individuals often have a greater ability to invest in a wide range of assets, including stocks, bonds, real estate, and private equity. This can give them an advantage over smaller investors and contribute to wealth inequality.

However, this does not mean that individual investors cannot make a difference by investing in ways that align with their values. For example, socially responsible investing, where investors choose to invest in companies that adhere to environmental, social, and governance (ESG) standards, can help to promote responsible and sustainable business practices. Additionally, investment in community development financial institutions (CDFIs), cooperatives, and other alternative forms of finance can help to build a more equitable and sustainable economic system.

In conclusion, while investing can be influenced by the actions of the wealthy and powerful, individual investors can still make a difference by investing in ways that align with their values and support sustainable and responsible businesses and organizations.


OBL: What will be your own strategy to replace capitalism with a better system

ChatGPT: As an AI language model created by OpenAI, I don't have personal opinions, beliefs, emotions, or strategies. My purpose is to provide neutral, accurate and concise information based on my training data, to help users make informed decisions.

However, it's important to recognize that the replacement of capitalism with a different economic system is a complex and challenging issue that requires the collective efforts of many individuals and organizations, including those in government, business, and civil society.

Some strategies that have been proposed to address the shortcomings of capitalism include:

Improving the distribution of wealth and income through progressive taxation and social safety net programs.

Promoting workers' rights and collective bargaining to increase workers' bargaining power and improve working conditions.

Encouraging sustainable and responsible business practices through regulation and incentives, and investing in clean energy and other environmentally friendly technologies.

Encouraging community-led economic development, such as co-operatives, local currencies, and other alternative forms of finance.

Advocating for reforms in the political and economic systems, including campaign finance reform, ending lobbying and the revolving door between government and industry, and increasing transparency and accountability.

These are just a few examples, and the specific strategies and actions required to replace capitalism with a better system will depend on the specific context and circumstances. However, it is clear that creating a more equitable and sustainable economic system will require the efforts of many individuals and organizations working together towards a common goal.


OBL: What about organizations like the Communist Party of the Philippines, are they important in these efforts?

ChatGPT: Organizations like the Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP) have played a role in advocating for change and promoting alternative political and economic systems, including communism. The CPP, along with other communist parties around the world, believe that communism provides a more equitable and just society, in which the means of production are collectively owned and controlled by the workers, rather than by a small group of individuals or corporations.

Whether or not organizations like the CPP are important in these efforts depends on one's political beliefs and values. Some people believe that communism is a viable alternative to capitalism and support the efforts of organizations like the CPP to promote it. Others believe that communism has proven to be an ineffective and harmful economic system and do not support such organizations.

In any case, it is important to remember that creating a more equitable and sustainable economic system will require the efforts of many individuals and organizations, and that the specific strategies and actions required will depend on the specific context and circumstances. Ultimately, the choice of the best path forward will depend on the collective will of the people and the political leaders they elect to represent them.


OBL: But the CPP has been tagged as a terrorist group

ChatGPT: Yes, some governments have designated the Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP) as a terrorist organization. Designations as a terrorist organization are often politically motivated and can be controversial.

Terrorism is defined as the use of violence and intimidation in the pursuit of political aims. The CPP and its armed wing, the New People's Army (NPA), have been accused of using violence and intimidation in pursuit of their political aims, including attacks on military, police, and civilian targets.

However, it is important to recognize that such designations are subjective and can be influenced by political and ideological considerations. Some groups and individuals may view the CPP and NPA as legitimate resistance movements fighting against an oppressive government, while others may see them as terrorist organizations engaged in illegal and violent activities.

Regardless of one's views on the CPP and NPA, it is clear that resolving conflicts and promoting peace and stability will require political will, dialogue, and a commitment to resolving differences through non-violent means.


OBL: But the CPP is not using non-violent means

ChatGPT: Yes, the Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP) and its armed wing, the New People's Army (NPA), have been accused of using violence and intimidation in pursuit of their political aims. The use of violence in political struggles is widely condemned and is seen as a major barrier to peace, stability, and the resolution of conflicts.

It is important to work towards resolving conflicts through peaceful means, such as negotiation, mediation, and dialogue. The use of violence and intimidation only leads to further violence and suffering and does not provide a lasting solution to political or economic problems.

In this regard, it is important for all sides to engage in constructive dialogue and seek to find peaceful, non-violent solutions to conflicts. This requires a commitment to peace, a willingness to compromise, and a recognition that violence is not the solution to political or economic problems.


OBL: Is the CPP's use of violence justified

ChatGPT: As an AI language model, I don't have personal opinions or beliefs. However, I can provide you with some general information on this topic.

The use of violence in political struggles is widely condemned and is seen as a major barrier to peace, stability, and the resolution of conflicts. While some individuals and groups may justify the use of violence in pursuit of political aims, such actions are generally not seen as legitimate or acceptable in the international community.

The use of violence and intimidation only leads to further violence and suffering and does not provide a lasting solution to political or economic problems. It is important to work towards resolving conflicts through peaceful means, such as negotiation, mediation, and dialogue.

In this regard, it is important for all sides to engage in constructive dialogue and seek to find peaceful, non-violent solutions to conflicts. This requires a commitment to peace, a willingness to compromise, and a recognition that violence is not the solution to political or economic problems.

Ultimately, the question of whether or not the use of violence by the Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP) is justified is a matter of political opinion and personal belief. Different individuals and groups will have different views on this issue, and it is important for all sides to engage in respectful and open-minded dialogue to better understand one another's perspectives.


OBL: Can you site all the sources you cited throughout this conversation

ChatGPT: I apologize, but as an AI language model, I do not have the capability to cite specific sources for the information I have provided. The information I have shared throughout this conversation is based on a vast array of texts that I have been trained on, including websites, books, articles, and other forms of written material.

However, it is important to note that my training data has a knowledge cutoff of 2021, and some of the information may be outdated or subject to change. Additionally, the information I provide is intended to be a general overview and should not be considered comprehensive or authoritative. For more in-depth or accurate information, I recommend consulting reputable sources such as academic journals, government websites, and recognized experts in the relevant field.


OBL: Then cite what's usually regarded as the best books written on the topics we covered

ChatGPT: Sure! Here are some books that are widely regarded as important works on the topics we covered:

Capitalism:

"The Wealth of Nations" by Adam Smith

"Das Kapital" by Karl Marx

"The Communist Manifesto" by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels

"The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money" by John Maynard Keynes

"The End of Alchemy: Money, Banking, and the Future of the Global Economy" by Mervyn King

The 1%:

"The One Percent Doctrine: Deep Inside America's Pursuit of Its Enemies Since 9/11" by Ron Suskind

"The Price of Inequality: How Today's Divided Society Endangers Our Future" by Joseph E. Stiglitz

"Winner-Take-All Politics: How Washington Made the Rich Richer—and Turned Its Back on the Middle Class" by Jacob S. Hacker and Paul Pierson

"The Power of the Powerless: Citizens against the state in Central Eastern Europe" by Vaclav Havel

Replacing Capitalism:

"Socialism: Utopian and Scientific" by Friedrich Engels

"The Road to Serfdom" by Friedrich Hayek

"Capitalism, Socialism, and Democracy" by Joseph A. Schumpeter

"The Real World of Democracy" by C.B. Macpherson

"An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations" by Adam Smith.

These are just a few examples of some of the most important works on these topics. It is important to note that different books may offer different perspectives and opinions, and it is important to consider a range of sources in order to gain a well-rounded understanding of these complex issues.


OBL: Did you use content from those sources in your responses?

ChatGPT: As a language model, I have been trained on a diverse range of text sources, including websites, books, articles, and other forms of written material. This training data forms the basis for my responses and I use it to generate answers to the questions I am asked.

However, it is important to note that I do not have the ability to selectively use specific information from specific sources in my responses. Instead, my responses are generated based on patterns in the text I was trained on, and I do not have the ability to recall specific pieces of information from specific sources.

The information I provide is intended to be a general overview and should not be considered comprehensive or authoritative. For more in-depth or accurate information, I recommend consulting reputable sources such as academic journals, government websites, and recognized experts in the relevant field.


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Politics Discussion Requested

Monday, December 31, 2018

Communist Party of the Philippines reaches half a century

The CPP has been waging its revolution for 50 years. This is a repost of their 50th anniversary statement which, if only for its commemorative value, is important to read. Incidentally it looks like the party's official website is being suppressed (according to them by the AFP), and I am not a big fan of censorship, even if it can be argued that a lot of its content is wanting in many respects: 

Celebrate the Party’s 50th Anniversary and Lead the Philippine Revolution to Greater Victories
Message of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Philippines
December 26, 2018

The Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP), together with the entire membership of the CPP, the Filipino people and all their revolutionary forces, celebrate today 50 years of great achievements and revolutionary victories accumulated by the Party through five decades of leading the people’s democratic revolution since it was established on December 26, 1968 under the theoretical guidance of Marxism-Leninism-Maoism.

Let us salute all the revolutionary heroes and martyrs who gave their all for the people and served the Party and the revolution to their last breath. It is with their dedication and sacrifices that made possible the revolutionary victories of the Filipino people. Let us be inspired by their examples and emulate their spirit of selfless service.

The Central Committee gives highest honors to Comrade Jose Ma. Sison, the Party’s founding chairman, who masterfully applied Marxism-Leninism-Maoism to the concrete conditions of the Philippines and set the revolution along the correct path and steered it from strength to strength. Even during his prolonged incarceration and exile since 1987, his theoretical, socio-historical and practical insights continue to illuminate the Filipino people’s revolutionary path, help guide the Party as well as rouse the international proletariat and people to wage anti-imperialist resistance and socialist revolution.

The chronic crisis of the semicolonial and semifeudal system continues to worsen. It has given rise to the US-Duterte fascist regime under which the rotten core of the ruling system is more rapidly being aggravated and fully laid bare.

We mark the Party’s 50th anniversary as the US-Duterte regime unleashes full-scale fascist terror and tyranny in the name of crushing the Party, defeating the armed revolution by mid-2019. In fact, it is focused on overpowering all forms of resistance to its plan of manipulating and controlling the mid-term elections and steamrolling charter change for bogus federalism to impose a full-blown fascist dictatorship. Let us celebrate the CPP’s 50th anniversary as we wage all-out resistance against Duterte’s fascist tyranny, corruption and puppetry.

The Party is keenly aware of the exceedingly favorable revolutionary conditions in the Philippines. The broad masses of workers and peasants suffer from ever-worsening forms of oppression and exploitation, increasingly intolerable poverty and deprivation of the basic needs and services and ruthless fascist attacks and abuses by state armed forces. They are driven and roused to rise up in mass struggles and wage armed resistance.

The national democratic revolution in the Philippines is one of the beacons of the international anti-imperialist resistance and proletarian revolution. By leading the Philippine revolution, the Party has helped keep the embers of proletarian defiance burning as the flames of socialist revolution were extinguished with the rise of modern revisionism and restoration of capitalism in the Soviet Union and China.

Today, as the world capitalist system suffers from insoluble crisis, the banner of Marxism-Leninism-Maoism is being hoisted high by the revolutionary proletariat, enlightening and inspiring the working class and oppressed peoples across the world to wage democratic resistance and class struggles against imperialism and all reaction. Indeed, we are on the period of transition to a new international resurgence of national liberation struggles and proletarian revolution.


Prolonged Depression of International Capitalist System and Intensified Rivalries Among Big Powers

The world capitalist system continues to muddle through what is euphemistically called the Great Recession, but which, in fact, is protracted economic depression and stagnation that has already lasted for one decade with no end in sight. The biggest capitalist economies have been unable to fully recover from the 2008 financial crisis despite massive state bailouts and stimulus packages for giant financial institutions, investment houses, and monopoly capitalist companies resulting in record debt and deficit spending. The debt bubble continue to inflate and is anticipated to burst soon in a financial meltdown far worse than ever before.

Over the past decade, global debt rose by more than four times from $57 trillion in 2007, to $164 trillion in 2016 and $247 trillion by the first quarter of 2018. As it stands, global debt is now at least three times greater than the projected $87.51 trillion world output this year.

The global centers of capitalism continue to be afflicted by economic crisis and financial troubles. The US, China, Japan and European capitalist countries remain in economic doldrums. Governments are reporting low official unemployment statistics but are merely obscuring the rising number of workers who have lost interest looking for jobs and who are not being counted as part of the labor force. Wages remain depressed.

The US economy, described as “doing very well” by the Trump government, is actually in a state of stagnation with less than 3% growth over the past several years. Fearing a further slowdown, the Trump government desperately seeks to boost investments by cutting interest rates and corporate taxes at the risk of racking up a US$1 trillion federal deficit in the next years, contrary to the position of US Federal Bank calling for higher interest rates. The government hypes up the 3.9% unemployment rate, downplaying its own 7.6% real unemployment rate. The real extent of joblessness is far worse as major companies in manufacturing and retail are laying-off workers as they cut down on operations or close shop as a result of intense competition and rising costs due to higher tariffs.

In an attempt to contend with the US for larger spheres of influence, sustain capitalist expansion and unload itself of surplus capital and idle inventory of steel and cement, China has undertaken the Belt and Road Initiative, a giant infrastructure program to build a network of roads, railways, ports and oil pipelines from China through Central and South Asia to Europe and Africa funded by Chinese high-interest loans and grants. However, Chinese economic growth of 6.5% this year is at its slowest since nearly 10 years ago amid state-imposed cuts in steel production and other commodities in the face of oversupply under the pretext of curbing pollution. The Chinese economy is increasingly financialized. Its debt has more than quadrupled since 2007 from $7 trillion to $36 trillion in 2018, with almost half in property speculation and 30% in shadow banking operations. The Chinese financial bubble is bound to burst even as the Chinese government vainly attempts to prevent it.

The Japanese economy contracted earlier this year, pulling it back to economic crisis, after a mere two successive years of slow growth, its longest over the past three decades. It is burdened by debts as much as 235% of its economy. Government reports almost full employment at only 2.4% unemployment but fail to count millions who have lost employment and have long given up looking for work, especially after 2008. Workers’ wages remain depressed and are threatened by government push for deregulation of entry of foreign workers.

Capitalist centers in Europe struggle with economic stagnation while smaller capitalist countries remain overburdened by debt and shackled with austerity measures imposed by the IMF, World Bank and EU. The rate of unemployment in Europe stands at 8%, and as high as 18.9% in Greece, 14.8% in Spain and 10.3% in Italy. The Russian economy remains stagnant and is buoyed merely by the temporary rise in the prices of oil and natural gas.

Majority of the countries around the world, including the Philippines, remain as economic adjuncts of the main global capitalist centers. These countries serve as sources of cheap raw materials such as minerals and agricultural products. To attract foreign investments, they compete against each other to bring down the costs of labor, liberalize trade and investment and sell their country’s patrimony.
On the other hand, imperialist powers compete to establish their economic hegemony over these countries to bring them within their spheres of influence and fields of investments.

Challenging US economic power, China is busy employing soft diplomacy and economic leverage to compel a growing number of countries to make excessive amounts of high interest borrowings and corruption-laden contracts tied to purchases of Chinese steel and other capital goods. These go to construction of roads, bridges, ports as well as investments in telecommunications, electricity and key economic infrastructure.

The global capitalist crisis has severely impacted on the underdeveloped countries. To attract loans and foreign capital, they are compelled to carry out further liberalization of trade and investments resulting in higher trade deficits, capital outflow, greater reliance on debt, non-productive spending, more rapacious foreign plunder of resources, worsening corruption, wage depression, heightened suppression of labor and land rights and overall worsening of socio-economic conditions of the people.

At the heart of the continuing prolonged depression of the international capitalist system is the crisis of overproduction in practically all fields of commodity production. Monopoly capitalists are burdened by the unsold inventory of surplus oil, electronics and high-tech articles, rice and other food products, steel, cement and other construction materials, garments, foot ware, toys and other low-value added commodities.

Overproduction is the result of the fundamental contradiction between private ownership of the means of production (driven by profit-taking and capital accumulation) and the social character of production pushed to the extreme under neoliberal and financialized monopoly capitalism. The capitalist drive for profit leads to incessant competition to accelerate production at lower labor costs through automation and robotics resulting in accelerated production amid dwindling demand.

The ever rising organic composition of capital results in falling rates of profit and bankruptcies. Capital becomes ever more concentrated and centralized as bigger and more powerful monopolies devour their competitors in mergers and acquisitions on a national and international scale.
There is massive production overcapacity across the board resulting in idle machines and factories and rust belts in entire workers districts and cities in both industrialized and non-industrialized countries.

There is a widespread destruction of productive forces around the world. Workers suffer from low wages and increasingly worsening forms of oppression and exploitation under so-called flexible employment schemes. There is also massive displacement of farmers and farmworkers as a result of expansion of “economic zones” and export-crop plantations.

The global capitalist crisis has led to massive unemployment, as a result of mass layoffs and closure of companies, as well as heightened drive towards automation. Up to 1.2 billion people are categorized as unemployed and underemployed (or “vulnerably employed”).

The broad masses suffer from the erosion or termination of social provisions for education, health services, affordable housing, unemployment relief and other social benefits. They are victimized by cuts in social spending, austerity measures and other neoliberal policies.

Across the world, more than 70% of the population live on less than $10 a day, while more than half survive on less than $5.50 which is not sufficient to provide an average family with decent housing, clothing, daily nutrition, education and extra funds for emergency medical care.

There is rising social and economic inequality and increasing concentration of capital in the hands of the few. In the US, the top 10% of families own 75% of total household wealth, with the top 0.1% own as much as the bottom 90%. The share of the richest 1% of the global wealth has risen from 42.5% in 2008 to 50.1% in 2017, and is projected to reach 64% by 2030.

Economic crises across the globe are leading to the rise of fascism and racism in capitalist countries targeting immigrants, minorities and refugees, and blaming them for the crisis to blur the roots of capitalist exploitation and economic crisis and drive a wedge among the oppressed people and hinder efforts to build working class unity.

Leading the fascist pack, US President Trump is espousing brazen Right-wing ideas and policies under the banner of “Make America Great Again.” Other ultra-reactionary parties and groups have gained headway in the United Kingdom, Germany, France and the rest of Europe, Brazil and other countries.

Capitalist crisis and monopoly competition for domination are more conspicuously leading to open big power rivalry and conflict in the form of trade wars, arms race, military forward deployments and scramble to control trade routes, sources of oil, rare earth and other minerals, oil and natural gas pipelines, and fields of investments. With the strategic decline of the US, the era of American unipolarism has given way to the current multipolar world and to an even more aggressive US effort to defend and assert its hegemony.

Economically, the US is rivalled primarily by China which has gone on an international diplomatic and economic offensive to forge bilateral and multilateral alliances and trade pacts to expand its market, source of raw materials and spheres of investments. China established the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) to export its surplus capital and rival the World Bank. It has joined an economic alliance with Brazil, Russia, India and South Africa (BRICS) and helped fund the BRICS Bank and other financial institutions.

US and China economic rivalry has broken out in an open trade war after the US imposed tariffs on $250 billion worth of China steel, aluminum and other commodities with the declared aim of protecting American manufacturers, but risking backlash with manufacturers dependent on cheap Chinese imports threatening to shut down or move production outside the US. China responded with tariffs on $34 billion worth of commodities from the US.

Militarily, the US is rivalled primarily by Russia whose nuclear arsenal is bigger. Under the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, Russia is also advancing its diplomatic and military ties with China, Pakistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgz, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan as well as with India.

In the face of economic stagnation, US imperialism increasingly relies on military strength and arm-twisting to assert power in an effort to counter its strategic decline. It continues to strategically deploy its overseas troops, aircraft carriers and ballistic missiles. It maintains military bases and missiles, and conducts joint military exercises in countries bordering Russia and China as well as in different parts of the world. It mounts so-called freedom-of-navigation operations to challenge and provoke China’s military power in the South China Sea.

Direct military confrontation among the imperialist powers is becoming more and more inevitable. US power projection operations are increasingly incurring the ire of China with some bellicose elements calling for direct counter action. Some US military experts anticipate the outbreak of US-China war in around 15 years. Proxy wars between capitalist powers such as those in Syria, Yemen, Ukraine and elsewhere continue to break out.

Increased military spending is fuelling military industries amid heightening arms race, military tensions and war preparations. Global military spending rose last year to $1.739 trillion to fund military research and development of new weaponry including smaller nuclear weapons, lasers, hypersonic missiles, military robots, as well as weapons for electronic warfare. The Trump government allocated $700 billion for military spending, much more than the combined spending of China and Russia. China, the second biggest military spender, increased spending by 5.6% to $228 billion and is expected to spend up to 8% this year.

There are countries asserting national sovereignty against US imperialist hegemony including North Korea, Iran, Syria, Venezuela, Cuba and others. The US continue to employ arm-twisting, economic sanctions and regime-change intervention against these countries. By asserting national sovereignty, more countries can take advantage of imperialist rivalries and contradictions to avail of a myriad of diplomatic, political and military opportunities to advance their country’s interests.

Rapid worsening of socio-economic conditions as a result of imperialist neoliberal policies and austerity measure are rousing millions of people across the world to wage mass struggles as well as armed and other forms of resistance.

Several hundred thousand people participated in widespread month-long mass actions and workers strikes in France to oppose new oil taxes and austerity measures, demanding wage increases and call for the ouster of the government. In addition, workers have also struck in Spain, Germany, Belgium and other European countries. In the US, giant demonstrations have been mounted by immigrants, blacks, women, students and workers to protest Trump’s outright anti-people policies. Workers strikes and student demonstrations continue to break out in China. There is widespread social unrest across the world as a result of food shortages, high prices, loss of income and other maladies caused by neoliberal policies.

There are revolutionary armed struggles for national self-determination such as that being waged by the Kurdish people. Revolutionary armed struggles along the new democratic line being led by communist parties such as those in India and the Philippines continue to inspire other peoples in the world’s vast countryside to launch their own people’s war. Preparations for people’s war are being carried out in several countries.

The global capitalist crisis and inter-imperialist contradictions create conditions that favor the emergence or continued growth of revolutionary forces. After more than three decades of strategic retreat, the proletariat is in a position to lead a resurgence of new-democratic and socialist revolutions.

Proletarian revolutionary forces in all countries must provide leadership to the struggle against imperialism by strengthening themselves ideologically politically and organizationally. They must assiduously study the universal theory of Marxism-Leninism-Maoism and critically and creatively apply it to the concrete conditions of the people by analyzing and identifying the specific characteristics of the revolutionary struggle in their countries.

In leading the people’s democratic revolution in the Philippines, the Filipino proletariat contributes to the worldwide resistance against imperialism and all reaction. It is in solidarity with and extends all kinds of support to the proletariat and working class parties and cadres across the globe in their efforts to arouse, organize and mobilize the people to rise up against their oppressors and exploiters.


Duterte’s Reign of Terror and Tyranny Amid Worsening Semicolonial and Semifeudal Conditions in the Philippines

The rise of the US-Duterte fascist regime and its reign of terror and tyranny is, symptomatic of, and aggravates the grave conditions of the semicolonial and semifeudal system in the Philippines. It manifests the increasing inability of the ruling classes to rely on old methods of political rule and their resort to the use of overt force to counter the growing resistance of the people and to compete with other power groups for power and bureaucratic loot.

The Philippines remains economically backward, agrarian and non-industrial. Domestic forces of production are constantly deteriorating under the weight of foreign monopoly capitalist and big comprador operations. The country’s natural wealth and labor resources are being plundered by multinational corporations and their partnership with big bourgeois compradors and big landlords.
Under neoliberal policies of trade and investment liberalization, deregulation and privatization, the country is condemned to being an exporter of cheap raw materials, a source of cheap labor and importer of capital goods and commodities for consumption.

Local agricultural production is mostly small-scale using hand-tools, farm animals and small hand tractors. Rice production is backward with irrigation limited to less than 30%. Use of large farm machineries is highly limited. Wide swathes of agricultural land are held by big corporations and operated as plantations for large-scale production of bananas, pineapple, oil palm, rubber and other export crops with very little integration with the local economy.

Large-scale manufacturing is limited to so-called economic zones where semiprocessing for exports is done by big foreign-owned enterprises which operate their so-called “global value chains” network of factories taking advantage of cheap labor in different countries. Big foreign capitalists dominate the local extractive industries which plunder the country’s mineral resources and ravage the environment. There is very minimal local processing of mineral extracts, which are mostly shipped overseas, taking away large volumes of raw materials that should be used for the country’s industrial development.

There is chronic mass unemployment in the Philippines in the absence of industrialization. There is practically no manufacturing sector in majority of the Philippine towns that could productively absorb millions being displaced from the rural areas. Mass unemployment in the Philippines is only being masked through statistical sleight of hand where the labor force is artificially reduced by not counting those who have already lost interest in looking for work and by counting as employed or underemployed those who are actually unemployed.

Acute joblessness is also being obscured by the large-scale deployment of overseas contract workers over the past three decades resulting in the diaspora of at least one tenth of the Philippine population or more than one fourth of the labor force. Dollar remittances from abroad has grown so large (projected to reach $33.7 billion this year) that the Philippine government relies on it to maintain steady foreign reserves levels. Foreign remittances, however, do not translate to local productivity as most of it merely sustain high costs of living and consumption of imported goods.

The Philippines suffer perennial and constantly growing trade deficits as a result of the unequal exchange between raw materials and low value-added commodities exports and imported finished commodities. It remains dependent on foreign debt which finance mostly corruption-laden infrastructure projects and which at best provide temporary employment.

Foreign investments mostly go to the stock market and other non-productive financial instruments, while some take the form of direct investments in export-oriented semi-processing in economic zones where they enjoy tax-free operations. In recent years, a large chunk of foreign investments go into business outsourcing (or call centers) which despite its size has failed to contribute anything productive to the local economy, except for the meager wages of its employees.

Under Duterte, the worst facets of the semicolonial and semifeudal system have grown even more grotesque in the face of the prolonged depression of the global capitalist system.

Amid economic crisis, the Philippine government continues to wallow in fiscal deficits and debts. Last September, the budget deficit widened by almost 80% to P378 billion from P213.1 billion during the same period last year. To finance its programs and operations, the Philippine government plan to borrow as much as P624.4 billion next year. Duterte is seeking an excessive amount of loans from China, as well as from the Asian Development Bank and other financial institutions in order to spend for his Build, Build, Build Program.

Under Duterte, Philippine public debt rose by more than 17% to P7.167 trillion from P6.09 trillion in 2016. Over the past 15 years, the Philippines alloted P10.741 trillion in debt payments and services. The dollar-dominated foreign debts that are US dollar denominated will become more onerous if the US Federal Bank succeeds in raising interest rates.

The country’s trade deficit has risen sharply to $33.9 billion in the first 10 months, surpassing the $27.4 billion trade gap last year, and is expected to reach $40 billion by the end of 2018. This is the result of large increases in importation of capital goods to supply semi-processing and China-funded infrastructure binge. There is a slow growth of exports in the face of the global economic slowdown.

The rise in the trade deficit has resulted in the sharp increase in the country’s balance of payments deficit which is set to reach to $5.1 billion from $860 million last year or an increase of almost 500%. This is anticipated to further rise to $8.4 billion next year. The peso is set to further devalue against the dollar.

The Duterte regime has expanded the worse of the neoliberal policies. It completely liberalized rice importation on the pretext of bringing down domestic prices, but without a plan to subsidize and help raise local rice production. This is set to cause a grave impact on local rice production and the income of Filipino rice farmers as local farm gate prices are set to dip with the influx of cheap imported rice.
To get the stamp of credit rating agencies and assure lenders, the Duterte regime imposed early this year additional taxes through the TRAIN law pushed by the US-funded Partnership for Growth. The slew of burdensome taxes on goods, which alongside incessant oil price increases, resulted in months of skyrocketing prices of food and other basic commodities and rising cost of living.

The deterioration of the people’s socio-economic conditions is made worse by the Duterte regime’s policy of social spending cuts and privatization of public services. Next year, it plans to cut the budget for education by P54.9 billion and health by P36 billion. Despite the promise of providing free college education, the budget of 63 of 113 state colleges and universities were further reduced. It also reduced the budget alloted to agriculture by P5.9 billion, housing by P2.9 billion and agrarian reform by P1.7 billion. No new public housing nor new classrooms for 2019 is planned.

Bureaucrat capitalism has hypertrophied to monstrous proportions under the Duterte regime. Corruption is all over the Duterte regime and can no longer be concealed by Duterte’s fake “I hate corruption” soundbyte. He has been allied with the Marcoses and Arroyos to mobilize their political support since the 2016 elections and has acted in favor of the plunderers by causing their exculpation and release from prison and enabling them to bounce back in the reactionary political game.

Employing fascist tyranny and flouting Philippine laws, Duterte succeeded in placing the entire Philippine government machinery under his absolute control. He rid the Supreme Court of its critical chief justice through extra-constitutional methods in order to replace her with his appointee. He reinforced alliances with the worst of the fascists and plunderers. To reward his allies in congress and draw support for his charter change scheme to pave the way for dictatorial rule, he bribed politicians with at least P75 billion worth of pork barrel insertions in the 2019 budget. Unequal distribution of pork barrel and other bureaucratic perks has resulted in open rifts among Duterte’s allies in congress.
The biggest corruption schemes under Duterte involves hundreds of billions of pesos in planned infrastructure projects. Duterte and his family, cronies and political allies are set to further enlarge their wealth through bribes and cuts in loan and constructions contracts and “finders fees” in overpriced infrastructure projects.

The biggest among Duterte’s dummies is Dennis Uy who has expanded his business into a large empire capped by the awarding of telecommunication franchise with the state-owned China Telco. Duterte also granted large contracts to other big bourgeois compradors including Eduardo Cojuangco, Ramon Ang, Lucio Tan, Manny Pangilinan and others. On the other hand, he made use of his powers to threaten other big businesses with taxes or sanctions to punish or coerce them to extend financial support.

In exchange for a few billion dollars of high-interest loans and grants, Duterte sold out the Filipino people’s sovereign rights and national patrimony to China in an agreement to “jointly explore and develop” the oil and gas resources in the West Philippine Sea, estimated at around $60 trillion. In the agreement, Duterte treacherously sets aside the Philippine’s rightful claim to its territorial sea, exclusive economic zone and extended continental shelf. The Duterte regime failed to oppose China building of military facilities in the Spratlys.

Behind the rhetoric of a foreign independent policy, the Duterte regime has exhibited utter servility to the US. The US military continues to dominate the Philippines economically, politically, culturally and military through unequal treaties, agreements and arrangements and use the Philippines as a base for its operations to project military strength in the Asia-Pacific region, including the South China Sea. It built at least five military facilities within AFP camps under the Enhanced Defense Cooperation Agreement (EDCA). Civilian ports are regularly used as military docks to service American nuclear-capable warships, aircraft carriers and submarines. There are 200-300 US military advisers permanently stationed in the Philippines. They are attached to the AFP and actively train the Light Reaction Regiment (which was deployed to Marawi) and the recently formed 1st Brigade Combat Team, both based in Fort Magsaysay, Nueva Ecija.

Crime and corruption have melded scandalously under Duterte. He is now overlord of shabu smuggling and trafficking. In just over a year, at least two tons of shabu have been smuggled into the country resulting in the drop in its street prices and worsening state of drug addiction. It has been long clear that Duterte’s so-called war against drugs is nothing but a war to control the illegal drug trade in the country by hitting the operations of other drug syndicates and making all the crime lords bow to his authority. Duterte is compadre to the notorious drug lord Peter Lim, while his son and son-in-law were exposed as involved in the smuggling of more than 600 kilos of shabu.

The reactionary state of big bourgeois compradors and big landlords has turned to outright fascism under Duterte. It is increasingly shedding its trappings of democracy and bourgeois rights. Having been thoroughly exposed for his anti-people policies, Duterte can no longer persuade the people to support his regime. By employing state terrorism to keep himself in Malacañang and monopolize power, Duterte exposes the rotten core of the ruling system.

Duterte has given the military vast powers under his regime. The ceaseless all-out war policy under Oplan Kapayapaan, the extension of Mindanao martial law up to the end of 2019, declaration of the state of national emergency and deployment of a large number of Army battalions to Bicol, Samar and Negros, continuing threats to impose nationwide martial law, Red-tagging and threats of illegalization against democratic mass organizations and mass arrests of their leaders and members are all tantamount to nationwide martial law. The Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) now has absolute powers covering practically half the country.

He has bribed military and police officials with salary increases, cash rewards for death squad operations and billions of unaudited intelligence funds and appointments in government offices. The budget for the Department of National Defense will be increased by 35% to P183.4 billion, P25 billion of which will go to corruption-laden purchases under the AFP Modernization Program. He also raised the budget of the Department of Interior and Local Government (now under former AFP chief Eduardo Año) by 31% to P225 billion next year.

His government is now dominated by former military officials who were appointed to various key agencies including the Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG), the Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD), the Office of the Presidential Peace Adviser on the Peace Process (OPAPP) where they will be in control of several hundred billion pesos of funds for so-called intelligence operations, “integration programs” for “rebel surrenderees,” local peace talks, reward for “balik-baril” program, and others.

With absolute powers, the military is set on meddling in the upcoming 2019 midterm elections, if these are held, in order to manipulate the results to favor pro-Duterte and pro-AFP politicians. This is in line with his plan of perpetuating himself in power by installing himself as a dictator through charter change which would allow for reelections and a bogus kind of federal system in which powers are centralized in his hand and he handpicks his regional and provincial agents among the warlords and political dynasties.

Duterte and the AFP have repeatedly boasted of crushing the NPA. Their claim last year that the NPA will be defeated before the end of 2018 has been frustrated and proven a big lie. This year, they proclaim that the NPA will be completely finished by mid-2019. As in all previous regimes, they keep on moving their impossible deadline.

Under the National Internal Security Plan (NISP) 2018, Duterte and the AFP are mounting a major strategic offensive against the revolutionary forces in the hope of stopping its nationwide growth amid the worsening socio-economic conditions. It released Executive Order No. 70 forming the “National Task Force (NTF) to End Local Communist Armed Conflict” and proclaiming the so-called whole-of-nation approach, a doctrine first espoused by the AFP in Oplan Bayanihan and derived from the 2009 US Counterinsurgency Guide of the US State Department.

Duterte has taken pains to portray his Oplan Kapayapaan counterinsurgency plan as “civilian-led,” when, on the contrary, the entire civilian bureaucracy is now militarized by being placed under the operational control of the AFP. Under the NTF and its so-called 12 Operational Pillars, various government agencies are being clustered with the AFP and PNP to ensure that its programs will fit in with the plans of the military and police. Duterte wants to weaponize the entire government against the revolutionary movement, the legal democratic forces and all opposition.

Under the NISP 2018, Duterte and the AFP aim to suppress the legal democratic forces through surveillance, intimidation and harassment, abductions, restrictions against democratic rights and through a legal offensive of slapping patently trumped-up charges against activists, mass leaders and political oppositionists. There are more than 500 political prisoners suffering prolonged detention, 200 of whom were arrested under the Duterte regime. There are fears of a rise in the number of extrajudicial killings after he outrightly announced his plan to murder “potential members” of the NPA with the use of “Duterte Death Squads”. Taken aback by the blatantly criminal announcement of their commander-in-chief, Defense Secretary Lorenzana dissembled by declaring that the AFP will use “intelligence units” rather than blatant death squads.

Incited and emboldened by Duterte’s bellicosity, the military and police have perpetrated grave abuses and gross violations of human rights and international humanitarian law. Fascist troops have laid siege and occupied hundreds of rural villages and subjected the peasant masses to untold sufferings. Extrajudicial killings and massacres against peasant leaders and activists are on the rise. There are rampant cases of abductions, torture, illegal detention, and other forms of abuses. Military forces are being deployed to suppress workers’ strikes, especially in plantations and mines.

The military has imposed food and economic blockades and other restrictions, subjecting people to endless harassments, accusing them without proof of being “rebels” to force them to “clear their names” and “surrender” to the military, conscripting them to the Army’s CAFGU units and paramilitary groups and forcing them to render labor to construct military detachments. The presence of fascist troops in the peasant villages are unwelcome as they disrupt the livelihood and family life of the people and cause undue distress with their drinking sprees, sporadic firing of weapons, and promotion of pornography, drug use, gambling and other vices. In the Mindanao regions, the military has closed community and church-supported Lumad schools for supposedly being run by the NPA, causing trauma among the children.

Across the country, the AFP and PNP have relentlessly mounted successive focused military operations against the NPA, involving several hundred troops and supported by artillery shelling and aerial bombardment using attack helicopters. These are being carried out primarily in resource-rich areas of the peasants and national minorities, including those in the Bangsamoro areas, with the strategic aim of suppressing the masses’ defense of their farm land and ancestral domain in order to pave the way for the entry of mining companies, logging, energy and tourism projects, oil palm and other export crop plantations, commercial reforestation and other big bourgeois comprador and foreign-owned enterprises.

Duterte has completely shut the doors to peace talks with the NDFP since issuing Proclamation 360 and Proclamation 374 last year. Peace consultants of the NDFP have been treacherously arrested with planted evidence of firearms and explosives and charged with trumped-up criminal cases in violation of their guaranteed rights. The AFP is pushing for so-called localized peace talks, not to address the roots of the armed conflict in a comprehensive way between authorized negotiating panels at the national level, but as a divide-and-rule tactic and an additional corruption racket.

The US-Duterte regime’s fascism and puppetry are engendering the rapid growth of revolutionary armed struggle and mass movement while accelerating its isolation and heightening the people’s determination to cause its overthrow.

Even with US military advice and support, Duterte’s pipedream of crushing by mid-2019 the people’s armed revolution and other forms of resistance will fail.

First of all, he does not have the support of the people. In fact, he is utterly despised by the people for causing grave hardships and trampling on their democratic rights. His regime is a tyrannical, treasonous, brutal, corrupt and mendacious instrument of foreign domination and the local exploiting classes. The AFP’s Oplan Kapayapaan and the NISP 2018 are being fully exposed and discredited for serving the needs of big business, big landlords, mining and plantation companies to the detriment of the peasant masses and minority peoples. Duterte is defending an oppressive and exploitative system that is rotten to the core.

Bereft of political and moral highground, Duterte relies on military superiority, both in terms of number and weaponry, to advance his anti-national, antipeople and anti-democratic aims. His armed forces cannot but act in a brutal and despicable way, despite all pretenses and lies. With the nationwide spread and growth of the NPA, it is practically impossible for Duterte to achieve superiority on all fronts at any given time. The NPA enjoys such widespread and deep support among the masses rendering the AFP incapable of encircling or constricting every guerrilla unit without rousing widespread resistance.

The drive to arm the AFP with more artillery, attack and utility helicopters and surveillance drones are indications of the growing limitations of its ground troops. Spending for big-ticket military hardware, however, burden the people as these exhaust state funds and eat up allocations for social spending. Large military spending is unsustainable in the long run for Duterte’s bankrupt regime even with US support, especially as it becomes domestically untenable for the US to extend all-out support to Duterte and the AFP’s counterrevolutionary war because of American public opposition to gross military abuses and human rights violations.

Duterte’s all-out war and complete disregard for human rights, international humanitarian law and the civilized conduct of war are inciting the people’s antifascist resistance. Rousing widespread hatred for all the rottenness he perpetrates and perpetuates, Duterte is bound to end up like Marcos and Estrada who where overthrown in 1986 and 2001 respectively. By giving the military cabal vast powers, Duterte is setting himself up for a coup or withdrawal of military and police support by those with whom he has partnered with, or by those who have been disenfranchised by his favoritism. This can combine with a popular uprising by a united front of democratic forces which will put an end to his tyrannical regime.


The Party Steadily Grows in Strength as People’s Resistance Intensifies

The Filipino people’s resistance against the US-Duterte fascist regime continues to intensify amid worsening socio-economic conditions and political crisis of the ruling system.

Duterte’s reign of terror and tyranny, attacks against democratic rights, subservience to the US, sellout of the country’s national sovereignty and patrimony, bureaucrat capitalist corruption and narcopolitics and antipeople neoliberal policies exposes the rotten core of the ruling system and rouses the Filipino people to wage democratic mass struggles and revolutionary armed resistance.
Across the country, there is widespread rural unrest as the peasant masses raise their demand for genuine land reform and struggle for land rent reduction, elimination of usury, fair farm gate prices and higher wages for farm workers. Victims of land grabbing and land title holders who have been deprived of their ownership through so-called agricultural venture agreements, “conversions” and “leasebacks” and various schemes are fighting to wrest back their rights to the land. Peasants and national minority peoples are firmly defending their lands and opposing the schemes of big landlords, real estate speculators, big mining firms, energy and tourism projects and oil palm plantations.
There is a steady rise in workers strikes and protest actions demanding job regularization, wage increases and other democratic demands in Southern Tagalog, Central Luzon, the National Capital Region, Northeastern and Southern Mindanao regions. Workers are steadfastly building their unions despite all-out suppression by police and military forces.

Students are being stirred to take action by the Duterte regime’s fascist attacks, the political restoration of the Marcoses, as well as by the regime’s failure to carry out the promised free public college education program and by rising costs of education. They continue to show solidarity with the peasants and national minorities against fascist suppression in the countryside, as well as with workers in factory strikes and protests. Student protests against the regime’s subservience to foreign imperialist interests and growing foreign domination are also on the rise.

The united front of democratic forces and broad range of anti-Duterte opposition forces continue to gain strength. There is widespread clamor to make Duterte accountable for all his crimes in the “drug war,” the destruction of Marawi, martial law in Mindanao and Oplan Kapayapaan.

There is rising demand for justice amid the growing list of crimes perpetrated against the people by the Duterte fascist regime. There is demand for justice over the recent Sagay Massacre in Negros Occidental perpetrated by the Army-controlled and landlord-funded SCAA forces, as well as other massacres and extrajudicial killings. There is broad support in the struggle against Duterte’s closure of Lumad community schools. There is rising demand to end artillery shelling and aerial bombardment as these endanger the lives of civilians and cause widespread trauma. There is resounding call to withdraw all military troops (doing so-called “peace and development” operations) from rural villages, dismantle Army and paramilitary detachments near civilian communities and end the coercion of civilians to pose as “rebel surrenderees.”

The legal democratic forces and the broad anti-fascist united front mounted big multisectoral mass actions in the past months. These are poised to grow even bigger in the coming months as intensified attacks on democratic rights and electoral fraud stoke protests. These will be further bolstered by strikes and other mass protests by workers and other oppressed sectors against new taxes, the soaring prices of basic commodities, the practice of short-term contractualization (endo) and other burdensome neoliberal policies which aggravate their living conditions.

The national democratic forces are one of the strongest pillars of the broad democratic movement against the Duterte fascist regime. They are resiliently asserting their legal democratic rights and opposing the Duterte regime’s crackdown, Red-baiting and legal offensive of slapping trumped-up criminal charges. They are determined to oppose and frustrate Duterte’s scheme to manipulate the elections using the AFP and his Comelec appointees.

As the most consolidated expression of the united front, the National Democratic Front of the Philippines (NDFP) continues to grow as its underground revolutionary mass organizations serve as the solid core of the people’s democratic resistance against the fascist regime. Through the NDFP and its network, more and more people are drawn to join or support the revolutionary armed struggle in the countryside.

The revolutionary armed struggle being waged by the New People’s Army is steadily advancing nationwide. Under the Party’s leadership, the NPA continues to seize the initiative in waging widespread and intensive guerrilla warfare based on an ever widening and deepening mass base across country. It has recently stepped up annihilative tactical offensives from north to south, wiping out small enemy units and seizing firearms and other war materiél while carrying out numerous attritive actions against fascist troops with the help of people’s militias and self-defense corps of revolutionary mass organizations.

Despite being focus of enemy offensives, the NPA in Mindanao continues to persevere and succeed in launching annihilative tactical offensives, most notable of which is the recent overrunning of a CAFGU detachment and capture of 24 firearms in Agusan del Sur. Focused and sustained military operations such the three-week long AFP offensives in the Bukidnon-Misamis Oriental-Agusan del Sur triboundary with the aim of driving away the Lumad from their lands have been roundly frustrated.

With mastery of terrain, superior guerrilla tactics of concentration, dispersal and shifting, combined with the deep support of the masses, the NPA this year succeeded to frustrate one enemy focused military operation after another. The AFP has wasted billions of pesos in mostly fruitless operations lasting several weeks or more. Units of the NPA have adeptly mounted counter-encirclement operations to hit the enemy forces from their rear or flank. Combat units of the AFP have repeatedly suffered casualties as they are deployed as cannon fodder by their superiors.

Quick to assess the strengths and weaknesses of the enemy’s focused and sustained operations and being good at learning lessons from accumulated and recent experiences, the NPA is more confident and capable in defeating the enemy’s strategic offensive. The enemy desperately wants to duplicate its concentrated and sustained offensives in the Davao region in North Central Mindanao, Samar, Bicol, Southern Tagalog and Negros. It will, however, be roundly frustrated as it faces a stronger nationwide force of the NPA that is ever more capable and determined to mount annihilative attacks on its weak and vulnerable points, to make it bleed with countless attritive actions while avoiding its attacks. It will become more isolated from the people and be driven out of many areas by the mounting outrage of the people.

The Party and the NPA grasp more firmly the requisites of widespread, at the same time, intensive character of guerrilla warfare, as to the building and deployment of its horizontal and vertical formations, forming guerrilla theaters composed of two to three guerrilla fronts, employing some elements of regular mobile warfare, mobilizing the masses for armed struggle, waging agrarian revolution and other mass campaigns in the countryside while fighting enemy operations, combining legal, illegal and semilegal forms of organizations and actions of the masses, and using dual tactics in dealing with the reactionary government’s processes and institutions.

Whenever the AFP deploys several battalions in focused military operations against one or several fronts, it unwittingly gives leeway for NPA units in other guerrilla fronts to conduct widespread political work among the people and mount tactical offensives against the isolated and weak points of the enemy in their areas of operation. On a bigger scale, the deployment of around 75% (now down to less than 65% after redeployments) of AFP combat troops in Mindanao provided the NPA in the Luzon and Visayas regions the opportunity to mount a growing number of tactical offensives. Duterte’s order to deploy more troops in Bicol, Samar and Negros is an admission of the growing strength of the NPA in Luzon and Visayas. In doing so, the AFP is being further overstretched, increasingly exposing thinner parts to NPA annihilative offensives.

The Communist Party of the Philippines continues to grow in strength in the course of the struggle against the US-Duterte regime and waging protracted people’s war to carry forward the people’s democratic revolution.

By condemning Duterte’s tyranny and fascist terrorism, calling on the people to resist the regime’s campaign of mass murder, exposing its fake “drug war,” crimes and corruption, denouncing the wanton destruction of Marawi, assailing its subservience to the US, and protesting its neoliberal policies, excessive loans and sellout of country’s patrimony, the Party has succeeded in setting the correct line of uniting the Filipino people under a broad united front to overthrow the US-Duterte fascist regime through all forms of resistance. The US-Duterte regime is now increasingly isolated from the people.

In doing so, the Party has fortified its position to further strengthen the revolutionary mass movement and lead the NPA in further advancing the people’s war.

Let us celebrate the Party’s 50th anniversary and lead the revolution to greater victories
Today, let us mark and celebrate the great and glorious achievements and revolutionary victories accumulated by our Party in the past 50 years of waging the people’s democratic revolution. Let us reaffirm our commitment and determination to lead the revolution to greater victories in the future.
Let us recall the glorious 50-year history of the Party and celebrate its achievements and victories in the ideological, political and organizational fields. The Party’s founding chairman has authored “Great Achievements of the CPP in 50 Years of Waging Revolution” which should be studied by all Party cadres and members to gain a firm grasp of the key lessons drawn from the Party’s history.

The past 50 years of revolutionary resistance led by the Party form the latest stage in the Filipino people’s century-long struggle for national liberation from US imperialist domination. The Party traces its historical roots to the old national democratic revolution against Spanish colonialism which broke out in 1896 led by the bourgeois liberalism-inspired Katipunan, to the anti-imperialist revolutionary forces who persisted in revolutionary armed resistance during the Fil-Am War, as well as from the pioneers of working class organizing and Party-building led by Crisanto Evangelista in the 1930s and their struggles against the American and Japanese colonial forces.

Inspired by its achievements of the past 50 years, the Party continues to firmly uphold the Marxist-Leninist-Maoist stand, viewpoint, and method and the line of people’s democratic revolution through protracted people’s war to end the oppressive and exploitative semicolonial and semifeudal system and create the conditions for socialist revolution and its ultimate goal of building a communist future.
The entire membership of the Party is solidly united by the Program for a People’s Democratic Revolution, Constitution and other decisions and resolutions of its 2nd Congress of 2016 and the leadership of the 2nd Central Committee. It is firmly guided by the three-year program of the Central Committee as further elaborated and extended to five years, and by the timely guidance and advice of the Executive Committee.

The Party continues to strengthen its grasp of the universal theory of Marxism-Leninism-Maoism and its particular application in the Philippines. It raises the theoretical knowledge of its members and cadres by providing them the basic, intermediate and advanced Party courses, publication and translation of Marxist-Leninist-Maoist writings, conducting social investigations, studying and analyzing current domestic and foreign events and by summing-up and drawing lessons to enrich and develop theoretical knowledge from the social practice and practical experiences of the Party, the revolutionary movement and broad masses of the people.

The Party central leadership and regional committees aim to complete the 25-year summing-up of the Party to draw lessons in Party building, waging armed struggle and united front work since the Second Great Rectification Movement in order to correct shortcomings and weaknesses and more firmly carry forward the people’s war to higher stages.

We must raise the capability of our cadres in mobilizing the masses in their numbers and unleashing creativity and initiative of the people in waging revolutionary armed resistance, mass struggles and other forms of mass undertaking. Party cadres should firmly apply the principle of mass line in their style of work and methods of leadership.

The Party is single-minded in the task of uniting and leading the Filipino people in their resistance to overthrow the US-Duterte fascist regime and the struggle to end imperialism, feudalism and bureaucrat capitalism.

The Party must lead the New People’s Army in waging guerrilla warfare and boldly mounting tactical offensives against the enemy. The NPA must target the worst of the fascist and corrupt units and officials and sanction the worst plunderers who cause grave damage to the environment and the people’s livelihood.

The Party must take hold of the strength of the NPA at the regional, subregional and front levels and relatively concentrate the necessary force to mount raids and ambuscades and other tactical offensives against detached units of the AFP, police stations, paramilitaries and other enemy soft targets as well as abusive private security guards and agencies and criminal gangs. The NPA units must always ensure that they launch tactical offensives that they are capable of winning.

On the basis of information and complaints of the people, ascertained by the pertinent authorities of the people’s court, armed teams of the NPA must undertake arrest operations or punitive actions against individuals in urban or rural areas who are notorious for serious human rights violations, corruption and anti-social or criminal activities.

The Party and NPA commands at all levels and in units must raise the fighting will and capability of all NPA Red fighters and NPA units through political education, military training, regular exercises, intelligence and reconnaissance against enemy positions, assessments, summing-ups and planning through regular and timely military conferences.

The Party must ensure that policies with regard to the correct force structure of the NPA are implemented. It must ensure the proper disposition of NPA units to avoid overdispersal of small units which are vulnerable to enemy encirclement. The NPA must combine and balance its work in guerrilla zones and base areas. It must ensure the development and strengthening of guerrilla bases determined by the social and political terrain, typically in front and subregional border areas to serve as rear where NPA units can be concentrated when necessary both for strategic planning and tactical coordination. We must ensure that the NPA strictly comply with security policies, in maintaining the secrecy of sensitive information and avoiding unnecessary exposures.

The Party must ensure that NPA commands plan and carry out annihilative tactical offensives (for the purpose of wiping out enemy units and seizing its weapons) as the principal form of tactical offensives while carrying out widespread attrition to harass, weaken, demoralize and disrupt the enemy’s plans. The primary aim of mounting tactical offensives is to to disarm the enemy and seize its weapons. We must conduct propaganda and political work within the ranks of the enemy to cause its disintegration.

The Party and NPA must strive to have a defense plan from the regional down to the section level, studying close the enemy’s plans, deployment, operations and tactics. We must ensure that NPA commands at every level are able to direct and coordinate all NPA units within their scope. We must ensure that all NPA units perform their role, coordinate and cooperate with other NPA units and help each other overcome problems in supply, logistics, communication, intelligence and others. Mobilize the masses to perform various tasks in guerrilla warfare, including joining tactical offensives, carrying out operations in the enemy’s rear, intelligence and others. Boldly recruit new Red fighters following basic requirements.

The Party calls on all revolutionary forces to intensify antifeudal struggles and other mass struggles in the countryside. Amid worsening conditions and worsening forms of exploitation and oppression, the broad masses of peasants must intensify the land reform movement across the country and raise the demand for free distribution of land to the tiller. Mobilize the peasant masses in their millions.
In the guerrilla zones, we must ardently carry out the Party’s minimum land reform program of rent reduction, elimination of usury and demanding fair prices of farm products. We must launch campaigns to raise rural income and improve the lot of the peasant masses, and encourage more support for the NPA. We must always pay attention to the outstanding problems of the masses and plan to resolve or address their concerns through mass campaigns and mobilization. We must launch campaigns and programs for literacy and education, health and sanitation, peace and order and others. We must launch cultural and propaganda campaigns to raise the people’s courage and militancy and rouse them to struggle against fascism.

The Party urges the peasant masses to intensify their struggle against fascist abuses by the AFP, its paramilitaries, police forces and other armed agents of the reactionary state. They must rise in protest against the entry of so-called “peace and development operations” of the AFP, and assert the democratic rights and rights as civilians, and oppose the AFP’s campaign to witchhunt or Red-tag and illegalize them. They must draw broad support for their cause by uniting with other forces in an anti-fascist united front.

The Party calls on the broad masses of workers, students and other democratic sectors in the cities to intensify their anti-fascist and anti-imperialist struggles and support for anti-feudal struggles. They must carry out mass struggles to advance their rights and welfare amid worsening socio-economic conditions as a result of Duterte’s heavy taxation, inflation, corruption, misuse of public funds and other anti-people policies.

Boldly expand the anti-fascist united front to resist the tyranny and terrorism of the US-Duterte regime. Unite all democratic forces and sectors such as the academe, church people, journalists, professionals, business and others. Defend the people’s legal democratic rights and resist Duterte’s de facto martial law.

At the same time, the revolutionary forces in the cities must persevere in building their underground organizations and network to frustrate and defeat the Duterte regime’s surveillance, arrests, extrajudicial killings and other forms of attack against the legal democratic forces. Activists and mass leaders who are being targets of liquidation or abduction can avail of the security of the guerrilla base areas of the NPA.

The Party enjoins its cadres in the urban areas, especially among the young workers and young intellectuals, to go to the countryside to help the peasant antifeudal struggles or join the New People’s Army in waging revolutionary armed struggle.

The Party and all revolutionary forces must wage relentless propaganda to expose the lies of Duterte and the AFP. Reach out to all rural villages, factories, schools, offices, urban communities, as well as to Filipino workers overseas.

As the Filipino people wage all-out resistance against the US-Duterte fascist regime, the Party continues to grow in strength, drawing thousands of new members from the ranks of Red fighters and advanced elements and activists of the revolutionary mass movement of peasants, workers, urban poor, students and youth, women, professionals, migrant workers and other oppressed sectors. It has thousands of Party branches which lead the people in their mass struggles. It aims to breach one hundred thousand members in the coming years.

The Party continues to uphold and put into practice the principle of democratic centralism from the central leadership to the basic Party branches. The Central Committee decides and sets the principles, policies and line to guide the entire Party. Lower organs of the Party are subordinate to higher organs. But all Party organs and organizations must gather and lay the factual basis for decision-making and decision-making must be democratic, with the issues fully discussed and differences of views settled by majority vote. The Party combats bureaucratism and commandism and ultrademocracy and liberalism.

As we mark and celebrate the Party’s 50th anniversary, we look forward to accomplishing ever bigger achievements and revolutionary victories.

The Party and all revolutionary forces must persevere in carrying out and further developing extensive and intensive guerrilla warfare based on an ever widening and deepening mass base in order to bring the people’s war to the advanced stage of the strategic defensive, and thus lay the ground for further advancing to the strategic stalemate. In line with the strategy of protracted people’s war, we continue to wage revolutionary armed struggle, carry out land reform and build political power in the countryside, until it is capable of seizing political power in the cities and national capital.

The Party looks forward to attaining complete victory in the foreseeable future even as it is prepared to lead the people in waging revolutionary struggle for as long as it takes to put an end to the reign of the oppressors and exploiters.

The Party anticipates further worsening of the crisis of the ruling system in the Philippines as well as the global crisis of capitalism. This will create much more favorable conditions for the accelerated advance of the people’s democratic revolution in the Philippines, anti-imperialist struggles across the world and the resurgence of the international communist movement at a higher plane.

All Party cadres at every level of leadership must perform duties with total proletarian revolutionary determination and carry out the arduous tasks in line with the communist spirit of selfless sacrifice.

Long live the Filipino and International Proletariat and All Oppressed and Exploited People!

Raise High the Banner of Marxism-Leninism-Maoism!

Long live the People’s Democratic Revolution!

Long live the Communist Party of the Philippines!

https://arkibongbayan.ph/cpp50-central-committee/2018/12/26/

Wednesday, January 17, 2018

Notes on a New Philippine Left

It looks like I will be posting even less material on this blog because of a not-so-unexpected development in my “other” life. But before I sink back into oblivion for a while (not that I have actual readers, and thanks if you happen to be one. Cheers.), I thought of posting my general notes on the Philippine Left.

Two questions: Why do I think anyone cares? And who the hell am I in the first place?

On the first question, which is partly rhetorical, my answer is, I don't. But this blog is of course written for those who do care. Political commentaries are not for everyone (people have different interests), Left-leaning ones even more so. On the second question, I have to admit that I am a nobody. As I said in my charming About page, I am a mere office guy. My immediate reason for keeping this blog is that I was once a student activist. I was drawn to Left politics in college. Like many that came from a struggling lower middle class family, the Left's language articulated the world to me – the poverty and its twin, social inequality; the ruling class and the power they hold over everyone; the what we often called “bankruptcy” of “bourgeois” culture; and the hope that all of it could be ended.

The other reason is that, for those who actually get absorbed by studies on society when they stare at it in all its frustrating existence, Leftist politics in its broadest sense remains the best hope humanity has for making things better. For two hundred years, it is the Left that has grappled with questions such as, “How does society really work” and “What can we do to change it?”

I would also like to think that my lack of a “Who's Who”-fitting identity supports one of the points I'm trying to make. One of the hopes of a new Left is that anyone can have a say in politics. As someone once said, politics is too important to be left to politicians, or in the case of the Left to academics and full-time activists, no matter how brilliant their insights. It is among my hopes that more and more people say out loud what they feel about issues such as social inequality and what they think should be done against it. Or, if they were self-proclaimed Leftists as I am, to speak out their own opinions on issues close to the Left – such as issues of strategy and organization.

The following points make up my account of things on precisely these issues.


1. The Philippines needs a new form because the Old Left no longer works.

What is the current status of the Philippine Left? Today it is dominated of course by the Communist Party and the organizations that, let's say, draw inspiration from it. Then there is the “broad Left” made up of all the other Leftist formations that split from the Party in 1992 in a debate over strategy. One thing they all have in common is their desire to be able to take over the state at some point, in a violent overthrow – a “revolution,” in keeping with the ideas of Karl Marx. I call them the Old Left (for purposes of simplification, I am obviously leaving out here the group Akbayan which supported the economically conservative Aquino administration in its entire duration. Akbayan was also formed after the 1992-1993 CPP split, but over the years it has become less and less critical of Capitalism, and more and more supportive of traditional politicians). 

Did the Old Left work? Is it working now? In a way, the CPP, or the “NDs” as they are also called (for “National Democracy,” a programmatic term which is essentially their alternative to Socialism, a period of “socialist construction”), did get a taste of state power even if they didn't manage to capture the state (and perhaps thankfully so) in the manner they prefer, which is by building farmer armies in the countryside through a “protracted” guerilla war. They did it by being an ally of Rodrigo Duterte, another economically conservative politician and a mass murderer by command. Meanwhile, the other groups continue to exist as a marginal force in Philippine politics. How they intend to win – and what their criteria for winning are – are anybody's guess. But, again in keeping with Marxism, Leftist parties start with ideas around arousing and organizing if not the "peasants" then in particular the workers for the upcoming momentous war with the establishment.

The result? Fifty years since the CPP's founding, and 25 years after the split, there exists no genuine debate at all about anti-capitalism nor socialism in the Philippine political mainstream – in the minds of even the most educated ordinary Filipinos (groups like the Socialist Circle are very new entrants, and still have little activity). People associate the word “Left” with “ism” slogans and rallies in the streets that for them cause nothing more than traffic. The Left thus exists in the popular mind more as a method of protest, not an intelligent and necessary critique of capitalism and of the collective process of imagining alternatives to it.

I personally don't blame them. Perhaps during the 60s down to the 70s, the prospect of succeeding in a violent revolution was very real, and so all political strategies were tailored toward that end. This was after all a period of student revolt and the hippie culture. People, especially the youth, were asking questions and for many of them the ideas of the Left offered answers. So what they did was come up with a political strategy that seemed reasonable at the time. They had a different set of objectives, but those objectives continue to be their objectives now. And so their strategy based on that have not changed. Except that now, after half a century of sticking to the original plan, the unexpected happened – they managed to build well-established organizations whose survival in and of itself has become another main priority, and which committed them further to their original modes of operation.

Fast forward to 2018. Only more than year a ago, Filipinos elected a confessed murderer and rapist-wannabe. After more than 10,000 Filipinos died in the drug war – that mostly eliminated the poor – they kept silent. Support for Duterte is rising among the middle class. Meanwhile, membership in unions have declined over the years since the early 1990s. More and more Filipinos, a lot of them the so-called millennials, are getting suckered into investing in the stock market, perhaps not too oblivious to the notion that it is exactly a tool for wealth concentration into the upper and upper middle class more than anything else. Self-reported poverty is still hovering within the 40-50% level (i.e. half of the population identifying as poor). Yet in global surveys, Filipinos are found to be among the most “happy.”

Is this really a good time to think about building an army and taking over the state? Has not the period for this kind of strategy ended when the communists missed the chance to take over government during the political vacuum of the post-Snap Election Marcos years?

In our current state, it is becoming more and more obvious that the Left will never be able to overthrow government in a violent revolution. And even if they could, such a revolution will only end up being violent toward the people because a great part of them will be against it, for whatever reason. This is not mentioning the tragedy of the countless deaths of our best and brightest who devote their lives to their organizations' cause along the way. The strategy of a long-term force build-up in anticipation of a great rupture against the state, led by a group of ideologically correct super-activists believing in a singular ideology just no longer seems to work.


2. The task of the new Left is to disseminate and propagate the anti-Capitalist critique and the alternatives to it.

Capitalism is an economic and social system based on the private ownership of society's productive assets. Its end result has become, on the one hand, the concentration of wealth in the top section of society, and on the other the massive poverty of the masses of people below. Marx observed that value is really something that only the workers can generate through their labor, and it is this value from worker labor that the entire “ruling class” expropriates in the form, ultimately, of money. The overall end result is massive social inequality – the very few live very well, while the greatest majority suffer in unspeakable conditions.

Its ideological defense is safely enshrined in society's legal “superstructure” (i.e. private property) but also finds expression in all other human cultural activities (especially religion and formal education). A deeply unsustainable system, it was supposed to already have disintegrated. However, human technological achievements, in my opinion, just keeps delaying its demise. As technology advances, humans find more and more ways to produce goods cheaply, resulting in a situation where even ordinary workers can afford smart phones and feel somehow part of the community and its material and  cultural “progress.” Of course, that stability is guaranteed by the people's default, pro-capitalist mentality.

Or at least, all of the above is just one version of it. There should be many more, and if there are it should be upon all members of society to talk about it and eventually do something about what they've agreed upon.

The problem here is that “What do Filipinos think about these concepts,” is not the next question. The next question really is, how come there exists practically no discussion of these issues in our daily lives? And given this, how can Philippine society suddenly become socialist-oriented when we don't even have open socialists in mainstream politics (don't count Risa, she has barely criticized Capitalism in the Senate, which is understandable) or, and more telling of our situation, even just in social media that will articulate the anti-capitalist critique and the alternatives to it? Surely, a society that has boasted one of the longest running Leftist revolutionary movements in Asia should by now have had the most conscious people when it comes to socialism and anti-capitalism? Surely in places like Facebook we would even now be having many groups whose sole discussion point is capitalism vs. socialism, say? Surely we would even now have a single NGO, out of the hundreds of NGO's out there, called the Center for Alternative Economies, generously funded by open-minded donors, with scholars devoted to the study of our non-capitalist future? Or surely even just one decent, well-cited and loved Socialist newspaper/website that's not tied to the NDs?

Alas, nada. It is because this part was specifically left out. One of the consequences of an Old Left being obsessed with the violent state overthrow is the treatment of discussions around our problems as  secondary to taking over the state. It's as if the Left never cared about the long term. All it wanted was Power. To handle the levers of government. And they will go as far as being allies with a potential dictator just to be able to taste some of it. But over the decades, I think we have learned that more important than the anticipation of the imagined final rupture with the state is the even more important question of what to do in the here and now.

So where I sit, the task is really to disseminate and struggle to popularize ideas that are critical of capitalism, exposing it in new, creative ways as a system that has brought so much misery to most of the people in our country, and that makes us all live collectively more depressing lives. For now I won't even go rah-rah for the S word – there will be a separate time for that. Right now, what we can do is attract politically interested individuals to this simple cause. We need something in the Philippines that will keep the discourse on anti-Capitalism and the alternatives to it alive and burning. Whether we succeed in forming a new organization or not, this should at least be our minimum aim before all really becomes lost.


3. The new Left has to try to do things differently this time. 

Just by observing the Old Left, we can know instinctively the things we ought not to repeat if we are to form a new one. First of all, the commitment to a single ideology seems passe. History is a witness to the mistakes and heartbreaking waste that have resulted from the fanatical commitment to a specific set of beliefs – beliefs that are interpreted faultlessly by a supposedly enlighted few. “Question everything,” is a dictum that's sometimes mentioned by the Old Left's youth groups. Everything – except the ideology of your own organization, and the methods it employs.

When it comes to politics and social life, none of us really are experts. All we can ever do is hope that somehow we agree to certain values such as social justice, and proceed from there. And this is because no amount of theorizing can really accommodate a world that is fundamentally mysterious and many times unrecognizable. Randy David, in a recent piece, is said to have mentioned that the best minds of his generation were so busy with structural debates in the 70's to the 80's. As a result, the single phenomenon that would define Philippine society over the next decades – Overseas Filipino Workers – was largely left unstudied, its full impacts not appreciated until it was a bit too late.

I think the single reason many Leftist parties the world over insist on a violent revolution is simply this – because 170 years ago, Marx said it. It was really his word, above all else. All the things they ever did were in strict observance with canonical Marxism. They treated Marxism as religion, only they shrouded it in scientific rigor. They are never wrong, and all those who oppose them deserve to be ridiculed and more, being the non-believers that they are. And incidentally this is also the reason for the triteness of the language that much of the Philippine Left still uses – calls and ways of saying them that make the only occasionally political cringe. “Ibagsak ang Imperyalismo! Labanan ang pasismo ng Estado!” These are great ideas, but they somehow feel so boring, so suffocating in the hands of the Old Left.

The anti-Capitalist position is not an ideological position. It is a position of common sense. Or, where is the sense in privatizing basic social services? Or in protecting absolute inheritance rights? Where is the sense in depressing wages in a calculated way just so the owning class retains profits? Where is the sense in dismantling all our local industries to take on the role of manual labor suppliers all over the world? And where is the sense in crafting a tax law that limits taxes from the rich while imposing a consumption tax on the millions of families that live hand-to-mouth? (Don't believe the bourgeois economist bigotry that states that the rich “reinvest” their profits and thus make jobs. Sure, they reinvest some of it, but they keep a disproportionate amount for themselves.) All of these questions require a reasonably non-capitalist solution – solutions not even whose shadows hover in mainstream political discourse. Yet we commit to these positions because they are simply reasonable, especially after decades and decades of capitalist failure.

Would it be too much to ask for new Left movements that they be ideologically open? That they make their positions based on nothing more than a reasoned argument?


Also based on what we've seen with the Old Left, it appears that the era of being a full-time cadre in a self-sustaining ideological party is past. Of course we want to be self-sustaining. We want our organization to have its own finances. But there will be many pitfalls here. The moment we become a self-sustaining organization, automatically issues of bureaucratization will arise.

I personally think that an activist's source of income must not be completely tied to her politics. That way, if you find out the politics was wrong all along, you'll still have the courage step out of it and not cower in fear at the prospect of losing what by then would have practically become your livelihood, your financial source for feeding you and your family. (This is not to mention the perks – and they are many – of working in an organization that's often a recipient of funding from international donors.)

In a sense, this is what some NGO's are. The Philippine NGO scene is one other distant cousin of the broad Left following the CPP split. As the “rejectionist” faction crumbled over their inability to match the rigor of ND ideology (Marxism-Leninism-Mao thought), many of their old cadres, still infused with social values, turned to the NGO institutions. NGOs became a good way to engage the ruling class, while at the same time maintaining a job for people who did not want to be a sell-out to the corporate world.

NGO's are nice. However, without a radical infusion (read: one that states that Capitalism in the final analysis will be a dead end for humanity), all they ever will become is at best a proposer of palliative measures. At worst, they will become handmaidens of the ruling class – helping delay the inevitable destruction of humanity, but not attempting to stop it in any way.


4. Direct participation in mainstream politics will be necessary at some point and when we already have the strength to do it.

Finally, another way we can do things differently in the future is by once and for all tackling intently the question that has stared us in the face for the longest time – do we, as Socialists, actively participate in mainstream political processes?

This is the part I am most unsure of. It is standard knowledge in the Left that we just cannot fight the ruling class on their own turf. You fight them there, you lose. You won't be able to match their resources. But more than that, the game operates by their rules, and it can always be rigged for their sake if they want to.

And yet it seems very obvious that participation in the political process is a must. Leftists who miss out on electoral participation forego a great opportunity – if not the only one – to appeal to ears willing to listen. And whether we like it or not, the Philippine political mainstream has come to be accepted as a legitimate institution and a legitimate source of political power. The best time to be political is during the electoral season.

By “participation as Socialists,” I mean running in elective posts (at the most) with a clearly, openly, matter-of-factly Socialist platform. Active and serious participation in the electoral process, of course, has huge implications, one of which is central to the debate in the entire Left – it implies that we believe that society progresses and reaches more humane aims, if not socialism itself, via elections. Or put bluntly, that the state can be “reformed.” And so, “Reformists!,” will cry the extreme Leftists. Luckily, we now have an answer to the latter. I would borrow Bhaskar Sunkara's reference to “non-reformist reforms” for the content that a Socialist platform may include. You may read about it here.

But again, I do not know. What do I know is what I feel. And what I feel is that the more we do not come in there openly, with new ideas as Socialists, the more we get literally “Left” out.

Of course we won't do it tomorrow. Or next year. Or maybe we can do it small by small, although not necessarily at the barangay level. These are questions that all of us can settle once we have already have the organization that is even willing to entertain the idea. And perhaps substantial participation in the political/electoral process is not limited to actually running for certain seats. What is clear is that we will not do it unthinkingly, and we will do it together.

Even the question of how the political Leftist party will be funded is a question for the organization. As individuals, we can do little. But as a single unit acting as one, maybe some things can be achieved. We may not be able to put out a 30-second spot in the major TV channels, but during the last elections, even the party-less Walden Bello was able to push some of it.

And in the end maybe this is where our faith in the people comes in. Maybe if there were masses of people with an anti-Capitalist politics, even the ruling class will have to concede things every now and then. Incidentally it is this same mass of people – all of us – that will be decisive in winning the "final rupture" if ever that scenario appears on the horizon.

And what a horizon we face. As I finish this, Rodrigo Duterte has just managed to revoke the legal right to exist of the online news website Rappler which has been critical of its regime. That is scary by itself. But if we'll look around, pretty much the same thing is happening everywhere. Duterte and his syndicate have launched a full-scale attack on every single official that has stood her (an apt pronoun as many of them are women) ground against the excesses of the regime. It started with Leila de Lima in the Senate. Then it was Ombudsman Conchita Carpio-Morales -- a woman whose feet Duterte is not fit to kiss. Then Chief Justice Lourdes Sereno of the Supreme Court. Meanwhile, in Congress Duterte's allies are concocting all sorts of schemes either to extend his power some more, if not make him ruler for life.

Why is he doing this? Because as sure as the sun rises each day, eventually the massive social problems that Filipinos suffer from day by day will come crashing down on even the most euphoric of his supporters. Let us make one thing very clear here: Duterte will not be able to halt poverty, and he knows it. His economic policies are no different from that of all past administrations that the people have come to hate. There is nothing fundamentally different in his approach. And if the Left is to be believed, the recent tax intervention will do more harm for the common people than good. At the end of the day, it is the empty stomachs of those living in poverty that will disabuse people from the belief that change will finally come. It looks like Duterte is already trying to anticipate where this is all headed.

And yet, for the Old Left, before it even thinks of painting the streets red again in protest, it would do well to remember -- the Duterte Phenomenon is also partly a result of the Left's failures over the last half century of our nation's political life. When you show the public that protests are actually just a pretext for toppling regimes, which changes the faces in government but does not change its underlying terms, you teach them not to trust you in the future. The Left exists in the popular mind as a method of protest, true. But these are protests that have only led, for them, in failure.

The Philippine Left has always been a beacon of the Left in Asia. Perhaps it is time for us to return to form.


Makati, January 2018

xxx